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Regulations BACK to VIRTUAL TOUR The following fact sheet was prepared by the ECAR Center staff. Once prepared, each ECAR Center fact sheet undergoes a review process with the applicable state environmental agency(ies). You can check on the status of the review process here. Please read the disclaimer on the status page. While we have tried to present a summary of the essential information on this topic, you should be aware that other items, such as local regulations, may apply to you. What You Need to Know Various methods are used to clean oil and grease from auto parts before sale. Degreasers used to clean metal parts may be organic solvents (petroleum-based) or aqueous (water-based) cleaners. This fact sheet covers the environmental issues associated with petroleum-based or solvent cleaning methods. Aqueous cleaning (e.g., pressure washers, enclosed spray washers, steam cleaning) is covered under a separate fact sheet. Solvents usually contain volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which can evaporate quickly. Many VOCs combine with combustion emissions to form ground level ozone, a major component of “smog.” Ozone damages lungs and degrades many materials. When solvents are released and reach water, even in very small quantities, they may render the water unfit for human consumption and uninhabitable for aquatic life. Many solvents are also combustible, which may pose a fire hazard. If your operation still uses a parts washing system that contains a hazardous solvent, you are likely generating listed hazardous wastes. In addition, many solvents may be hazardous because of ignitability (low flash points). Petroleum-based solvents used in degreasing have varying degrees of toxicity. The following are some of the common spent halogenated and non-halogenated solvents used in degreasing operations that are considered hazardous:
These solvents must be managed as hazardous waste and some are even being phased out by federal regulations. For more information on handling, storing and disposing hazardous wastes, see the ECAR Hazardous Waste fact sheet. If petroleum-based solvents are desired for the job, use those that are less toxic than the listed or halogenated solvents. These less toxic solvents include naphtha, mineral spirits and stoddard solvent. These solvents are less toxic, but keep in mind that they can cause adverse health affects, such as skin irritation, and will be hazardous wastes upon disposal/recycling if the flashpoint is below 140¼F or if TCLP parameters are present above the regulatory limits. Some newer petroleum-based solvents are formulated to have flashpoints above 140¼F. While these solvents are not hazardous because of ignitability, they may acquire toxic amounts of lead or benzene from greasy parts. Both the spent cleaner and the sludge that accumulates in the parts washer should be determined hazardous or non-hazardous prior to disposal. *Petroleum-based products may not be discharged to the city sewer or a septic system. Many parts washers use filters that must be periodically changed. You need to determine if your used filters are hazardous by using the same process you used to determine if your solvent is hazardous. Links to the Regulations. Use the following links to view the regulations pertaining to solvent cleaning processes. Oregon Administrative Rules (OAR) on Hazardous Waste Management Federal EPA Standards Applicable to Generators of Hazardous Waste When an inspector comes to your facility, there are certain things he or she checks to see if you are in compliance with environmental regulations. It makes good sense for you to perform a "self-audit" and catch and correct problems before they result in penalties. Also, there are some compliance incentives associated with self-audits (see Audit Policy Page). Use the following list to audit your solvent cleaning operations.
Best Management Practices (BMPs) Most regulations tell you what you have to do to be in compliance, but they don’t explain how to do it. That’s where "best management practices" come into play. BMPs are proven methods that help you to get into compliance and stay there. The following BMPs are recommended for solvent cleaning.
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