ECAR
Fact Sheet for Montana
Shop Towels

Regulations
Self-Audit Checklist
Best Management Practices
Contacts
Related ECAR Fact Sheets
Other Relevant Resources
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The
following fact sheet was prepared by the ECAR Center staff. Once prepared,
each ECAR Center fact sheet undergoes a review process with the applicable
state environmental agency(ies). You can check on the status of the
review process here. Please
read the disclaimer on the status page. While we have tried to present
a summary of the essential information on this topic, you should be
aware that other items, such as local regulations, may apply to you.
What You Need to Know
When
you absorb toxic or flammable material in a towel, you haven't made
it any less toxic or flammable. Depending on what they have
been used for, shop towels may need to be managed as hazardous
wastes. But you may be able to be exempt from the
full burden of hazardous waste management rules if you send your
towels to a qualified commercial laundry service. If you do
not send your towels out for cleaning (for example, if you use disposable
towels), then the burden is on you to prove that they are not hazardous
before you dispose of them. Reusable towels and a qualified
laundry service are by far the best bet.
Regulations
In
the state of Montana, dirty rags/shop towels are subject to the
federal RCRA hazardous waste regulations, meaning that they need
to be collected in a proper container which is kept closed, labeled,
dated and inspected weekly, be managed under accumulation requirements,
and sent to a proper RCRA facility for disposal. However, if the
contaminated rags are to be commercially laundered and reused bvy
a permitted laundry facility, rather than disposed of, the state
of Montana will give auto recyclers somewhat of a break by excluding
them from the hazardous waste regulations. The rags/towels need
to be managed as hazardous waste only until they are picked up by
a commercial laundering service.
However,
to qualify for this exemption, there must be NO free liquids
present in the accumulated rags. Any free liquids must be managed
as hazardous waste and the entire rag/solvent mixture may be considered
a hazardous waste subject to regulation.
You
should also bear in mind that allowing solvents to evaporate from
the rags in order to achieve a "no free liquids" state
is not permitted. Instead, you may wish to use some sort of solvent
extraction or wringing to recover excess solvent amounts if they
plan to have rags laundered. Any recovered liquids should be managed
in accordance with the regulations.
Finally,
contaminated rags or commercial wipes regulated as hazardous waste
MAY NOT be burned in a space heater, boiler, industrial
furnace, incinerator, or other combustion device operated by the
generator, or open burned.
If
contaminated rags/used shop towels are not sent to a permitted laundering
service, then auto recyclers must determine if the dirty shop towels
are hazardous or not before disposing of them. Most likely they
are indeed hazardous. Therefore, they must be managed in accordance
with hazardous waste regulations. See the ECAR
Hazardous Waste Fact Sheet.
Links
to the Regulations. Use
the following links to view the regulations pertaining to shop towel
management and storage.
Montana's Solid Waste
Management Requirements
Montana's Hazardous
Waste Management Requirements
Federal
EPA Standards Applicable to Generators of Hazardous Waste
Self-Audit
Checklist
When an inspector
comes to your facility, there are certain things he or she checks
to see if you are in compliance with environmental regulations.
It makes good sense for you to perform a "self-audit"
and catch and correct problems before they result in penalties.
Also, there are some compliance incentives associated with self-audits
(see Audit
Policy Page).
Use the following
list to audit your handling of used shop towels.
- Shop
towels are exempt from regulation if they are managed correctly
and picked up for laundering by a permitted laundry service. Verify that dirty shop towels are
managed correctly and picked up for laundering by a permitted
laundry service. You must manage your shop towels
in accordance with the hazardous waste requirements until they
leave your operations.
- Do your
shop towels contain free liquids? If so, there
is no hazardous waste exemption for rags or soiled clothing
contaminated beyond saturation.
Best
Management Practices (BMPs)
Most regulations
tell you what you have to do to be in compliance, but they don’t
explain how to do it. That’s where "best management practices"
come into play. BMPs are proven methods that help you to get into
compliance and stay there. The following BMPs are recommended for
handling used shop towels.
- Avoid using
disposable towels. Use cloth towels from an industrial laundry
service that is discharging its wastewater into a public sewer
system.
- Do not
dispose of solvents by pouring them onto rags or into containers
of used shop towels.
- Do not
saturate your towels. If you do, wring them out and reuse the
liquid.
- Spray minimum amount of solvent onto rags instead of
soaking rags.
- Use non-hazardous solvents whenever possible.
- Do not
throw dirty wipes, paper towels or rags into the dumpster if
they have come into contact with hazardous solvents or waste.
- Do not
dispose of dirty shop towels in vehicles to be crushed or shredded.
- Keep
waste shop towels in a closed, fireproof metal container labeled
"Used Shop Towels."
- To reduce
the risk of spontaneous combustion when storing shop towels
in metal cans, keep the towels moist with water.
- Examine
your equipment cleaning practices to identify opportunities
to reduce their frequency, thereby reducing the number of towels,
wipes, or rags that are used for this purpose.
- Maintain
records of analytical waste determinations and disposal receipts
for at least 3 years.
Contacts
- For
more information, contact the Montana Department
of Environmental Quality (DEQ), Permitting and Compliance Division,
Waste and
Underground Tank Management Bureau at 406-444-5300.
- To report a spill or leak, call the 24-hour, Hazardous
Materials Emergency Response System at 406-841-3911, or the National
Response Center at 800-424-8802.
- To report an environmental incident or
complaint, contact the DEQ Enforcement Division at
406-444-0379.
Related
ECAR Fact Sheets
- Hazardous Waste
Other
Relevant Resources
None.
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