Date Modified: August 16, 2005
Universal Wastes
Universal wastes are hazardous wastes that
are more common and pose a lower risk to people and the environment than
other hazardous wastes. Federal and state regulations identify universal
wastes and provide simple rules for handling, recycling, and disposing
of them. Examples of universal
wastes regulated under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
include:
EPA has concluded
that regulating spent mercury-containing
equipment as a universal waste will lead to better management of this
equipment and will facilitate compliance with hazardous waste requirements.
This final rule is effective August 5, 2005.
EPA has prepared the following information about MCE: Discarded
Mercury-Containing Equipment Classified as Universal Waste and Frequently
Asked Questions about the New Mercury-Containing Equipment Rule.
The actual list of universal wastes in
your state may include these items and/or different wastes.
As with hazardous waste generators, businesses
that generate universal wastes are divided into categories, depending on
the quantity of universal waste they accumulate. Most states recognize
two categories:
- Small quantity handler of universal
waste (does not accumulate 11,000 pounds or more)
- Large quantity handler of universal
waste (accumulates 11,000 pounds or more)
Like
in most federal environmental legislation, EPA encourages states to develop
and run their own hazardous waste programs as an alternative to direct
EPA management. With universal waste rules, more state-specific differences
exist than with most other environmental regulations because:
- State adoption of the 1995 federal
universal waste rule is optional because the rule is less stringent than
the previous hazardous waste requirements under RCRA.
- States can create different standards
(except for batteries due to the Battery
Act ), but they have to be equivalent to the federal regulations
(i.e., they must provide equivalent protection, cannot regulate fewer
handlers, etc.)
- States may adopt the entire rule or
certain provisions, which are:
- General provisions
- Provisions for batteries, pesticides, thermostats, and
lamps (states do not have to include all of them)
- Provisions allowing the addition of new universal wastes
in states
The universal
waste rule went into effect immediately in states and territories that
are not RCRA-authorized including Iowa, Alaska, and Puerto Rico. The purpose
of this on-line tool is to provide quick access to:
- State regulations for universal wastes
- Contacts at state environmental agencies
that can answer your questions and
- Resources that can help achieve compliance